Cancers, more rarely in childhood compare with adults, represent a leading cause of death for children and teenagers. The types of cancer occurring at children differ from adults types regarding the localisation, frequency, histology and treatment.

PEDIATRIC TUMORS

The more frequent cancer at children (60%) are acute lymphoblastic leukemia and malignant lymphoma. Actually, the modern chemotherapy treatments permit to obtain cures in high percentage. Another category of cancer for child are solid tumors which occur initially in a localized area, and then produce distant metastasis in vital organs causing the death.

The more frequent solid tumours in children are: brain tumours, specific tumours of childhood (nephroblastoma or Wilms tumour, neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma), sarcoma of the bones or with others localisation. In brain tumours, the therapeutic results are modest. In the other mentionated cancers, the modern therapeutic strategies led to unexpected, percentage of cure. Child’s specific tumours in early stages are curable in 80%-90% percentage. It must be stressed that in Romania the treatments are similar with those in Occident . The correct diagnosis represent essential premise of cure. (more…)

Lung cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs. While normal lung tissue cells reproduce and develop into healthy lung tissue, these abnormal cells reproduce rapidly and never grow into normal lung tissue. Agglomeration of cancerous cells forms a tumour that disrupt the lung, making it difficult to function properly.

Diagnosis of Lung Cancer

Early detection of lung cancer is critical to improving chances of survival. Physicians use a number of different tests to detect and diagnose lung cancer, including sophisticated imaging scans that provide more accurate and sensitive results than conventional X-rays. The information from these tests enables the physician to determine the type and stage of the cancer and the best way to treat it. The tests include:

Physical Examination – Physical examination is important for detecting any signs of cancer such as swollen lymph nodes in the neck or collarbone area and also for evaluating over all state of health.

Chest examination – Examining the chest and listening to the lungs with a stethoscope provides information about abnormal breathing sounds or patterns.

Chest X-ray-X-rays are “flat” pictures of the lungs, which help to identify abnormal growths.

CT scan – Computed tomography also known as CAT scan is a sophisticated instrument that uses a computer to create a two-dimensional scan from a series of X-ray images; the newest version of the CT is called a helical (or spiral) scan. CT scans reveal much more detail than x-rays and the new helical scans are even more sensitive than regular CT scans.

PET-scan – Positron Emission Tomography is a scan that traces the way the body cells act on sugar. PET scans can find cancerous tumours because of their ability to take up radioactive sugar.

MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging is similar to a CT scan except it uses a magnetic field in place of X-rays to create an image. (more…)

CLINIC EXAM OF THE BREAST.

It must be performed by the physician or medical nurse (where there isn’t a physician), yearly for women over 40 years. Between 20- 30 years of age the exam should be performed by a physician to every three years.

It consist of inspection of the breasts and surrounding areas regarding the shape, size, colour and any abnormal change. Then it must be done the palpation of the breast and the axillary and supraclavicular lymphatic nodes. (more…)

Here we present you a serious phenomen, experienced by women all over the world: breast cancer. The predicted ratio is: one woman of six will develop breast cancer during her lifetime.

You get chances:

If you are a woman who is 40 years of age or older, the chances are very good that you need a mammogram.

The American Cancer Society, AARP and Romania Cancer League, and other medical organizations recommend that women should:

• have yearly mammograms;
• receive yearly breast exam from a oncologist;
• practice breast self-exam monthly.

(more…)